The vaccines contain small amounts of weakened bacteria and are given as a shot injection. This helps your body make chemicals called antibodies that can then recognize and destroy pneumococcus bacteria if you are exposed to them later. Pneumococcus is a type of bacteria that can cause severe infections, such as pneumonia , meningitis , and blood infections sepsis.
These infections can be serious and can even cause death, especially in people who have impaired immune systems , older adults, and children younger than 2 years of age. Doctors use two types of pneumococcal vaccines for routine immunization: pneumococcal conjugate PCV or pneumococcal polysaccharide PPV. The type of vaccine used depends on a person's age.
Some research shows that PPV helps prevent pneumonia in younger healthy people but not in older people or those with impaired immune systems.
Side effects are usually mild and may include:. Even though serious allergic reactions are rare with these medicines, call your doctor or local health unit right away if you or your child has trouble breathing, a high fever, or anything unusual after having the shot. A child who has had a severe allergic reaction to a previous dose of PCV should not get another dose of this vaccine.
Tell your doctor or nurse if your child has had a severe reaction to any vaccine or has severe allergies. See Drug Reference for a full list of side effects. Drug Reference is not available in all systems. Children younger than 2 years old, adults over 65, and people with some medical conditions are at high risk for serious pneumococcal infections.
These vaccines are very effective at preventing severe disease, hospitalization, and even death. Kids may have redness, tenderness, or swelling where the shot was given. A child also might have a fever after getting the shot. There is a very small chance of an allergic reaction with any vaccine. Information about the recommended intervals between pneumococcal vaccines can be found at www. If patients who are in a recommended risk group for PPSV23 or PCV13 aren't sure if they have previously received these vaccines, should healthcare providers vaccinate them?
If patients do not have a documented vaccination history for these two vaccines and their records are not readily obtainable, you should administer the recommended doses. Extra doses will not cause harm to the patient. An year-old patient came in today and stated he needed a pneumococcal vaccine booster.
He reports receiving a dose of "pneumonia vaccine" when he was 77 years old. And PCV13 is given as a one-time dose when given to adults. If the person received their first pneumonia vaccine before , they would have received PPSV If the person is unsure which pneumococcal vaccine they received and they do not have documentation, then they should receive PPSV The provider and patient may consider PCV13 vaccination based on shared clinical decision-making if the person does not have a high-risk indication for PCV13 i.
We just gave PPSV23 to a year-old patient who is newly diagnosed with a medical condition that places him at increased risk for pneumococcal disease and its complications.
Should we give him a second dose in 5 years because of his underlying medical condition? People who are first vaccinated with PPSV23 at age 65 years or older should receive only one dose, regardless of any underlying medical condition they might have. When should I vaccinate children or adults who are planning to have either a cochlear implant or elective splenectomy?
It is preferable that the person planning to have the procedure have antibody to pneumococcus at the time of the surgery; if possible, administer the appropriate vaccine prior to the splenectomy or cochlear implant. Children 2 through 71 months of age should continue to receive PCV13 vaccine according to the schedule. If the procedure is done on an emergency basis, vaccinate as soon as possible after surgery.
Persons who have not previously received any pneumococcal vaccine should receive PCV13 first followed by PPSV23 at least 8 weeks later. Do any of the bacterial vaccines that are recommended for people with functional or anatomic asplenia need to be given before splenectomy? Do the doses count if they are given during the 2 weeks prior to surgery?
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine PCV13 , Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine, meningococcal conjugate vaccine, and meningococcal B vaccine should be given 14 days before splenectomy, if possible. Doses given during the 2 weeks 14 days before surgery can be counted as valid. If the doses cannot be given prior to the splenectomy, they should be given as soon as the patient's condition has stabilized after surgery. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine should be administered 8 weeks after the dose of PCV13 for people 2 years of age and older.
All children with risk factors for pneumococcal disease or its complications should be vaccinated with PPSV23 beginning at age 2 years. Some physicians in our area order PPSV23 every 5 years for their patients. Is this correct? Only certain high-risk people who were vaccinated when younger than age 65 years will need a second dose 5 years later.
At age 65 years or older, all adults including people vaccinated when younger are recommended to have a single dose of PPSV Can we vaccinate a 2-year-old boy with functional or anatomic asplenia against meningococcal disease if he has not completed a series of PCV13?
We have a year-old getting renal dialysis. The nephrologist will be starting her on a monoclonal antibody that interferes with C5 complement. A 10 year-old with persistent complement component deficiency should also receive a 2 or 3 dose series depending on brand of meningococcal B vaccine. Yes, with several exceptions. PPSV23 and PCV13 are both inactivated vaccines, which means you can give all other recommended vaccines at the same visit using separate syringes or at any later time with no waiting period following the vaccination.
Here are the exceptions: 1. The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine PCV13 package insert says that in adults, antibody responses to Prevnar 13 Pfizer were diminished when given with inactivated influenza vaccine. Does this mean we should not give PCV13 and influenza vaccine at the same visit? The available data have been interpreted that any changes in antibody response to either vaccines' components were clinically insignificant. If PCV13 and influenza vaccine are both indicated and recommended they should be administered at the same visit.
What intervals should be observed between doses of PCV13 and PPSV23 for those children and adults who are recommended to receive both vaccines? For adults at increased risk of pneumococcal disease such as immunocompromising conditions or asplenia give PCV13 first followed by PPSV23 in at least 8 weeks. For adults age 19 years and older who have received one or more doses of PPSV23 previously, wait one year before giving PCV13 to avoid interference between the 2 vaccines. The Zostavax vaccine Merck package insert says that Zostavax should not be given simultaneously with pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine PPSV What does ACIP say about this?
ACIP has not changed its recommendation on the simultaneous administration of these two vaccines i. Administering Vaccines Back to top A dose of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine was administered into my patient's dialysis port. Does this dose count? There are no data on the effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine given by the intravenous route.
The patient has renal disease, so it is important to ensure that the dose they receive is effective. CDC recommends repeating the dose. What route and needle length is recommended for administration of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine? What route and needle length should we use for administration of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine PCV13? Storage and Handling How should pneumococcal vaccines be stored? Do not freeze either vaccine. Vaccine exposed to freezing temperature should not be administered.
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Parent Handouts. What's New: Handouts. Related Tools:. Documenting Vaccinations. IAC Express - Subscribe. Scheduling Vaccines. Image Library. Find out more about why vaccination is safe and important. Occasionally, you or your child may need to delay having the pneumococcal vaccine or avoid it completely. If there's been a confirmed severe allergic reaction anaphylaxis to the pneumococcal vaccine or any ingredient in the vaccine, it may not be possible for you to have it.
But if it was only a mild reaction, such as a rash, it's generally safe to have the vaccine. If you or your child are mildly unwell at the time of the vaccination, it's safe to have the vaccine. But if you or your child are more seriously ill for example, with a high temperature and feeling hot and shivery , it's best to delay the vaccination until after recovery.
Having the pneumococcal vaccine is thought to be safe during pregnancy and while you're breastfeeding. Like most vaccines, the childhood and adult versions of the pneumococcal vaccine can sometimes cause mild side effects.
There are no serious side effects listed for either the childhood or adult versions of the vaccine, apart from an extremely rare risk of a severe allergic reaction anaphylaxis. Find out more about the side effects of the pneumococcal vaccination. Watch a YouTube video about the story of year-old Sam , who had pneumococcal meningitis as a baby before the childhood pneumococcal vaccine was introduced and was left severely brain damaged.
Page last reviewed: 14 February Next review due: 14 February Pneumococcal vaccine overview. At their worst, they can cause permanent brain damage, or even kill.
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